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Introduction
LOPA combines both qualitative and quantitative
elements of hazard evaluation and risk assessment
to analyze and judge the adequacy of existing or
proposed safeguards against process deviations and
accident scenarios. It uses an order of magnitude
approach to quantify the likelihood of causes,
likelihood of failure of independent protection layers
(IPLs), and estimate the consequences for chosen
accident scenarios. These approximations are used to
estimate the risk of a scenario.
Target Audience
This workshop is designed for experienced PHA/
HAZOP leaders and builds on risk judgment skills
learned while doing qualitative risk reviews. However,
others who do qualitative, semi-quantitative, and fully
quantitative risk assessments will benefit from learning
this quicker, simpler method for estimating risk. Only
individuals with a strong technical background (such
as engineers and scientists) should attend. Others who
may benefit from this workshop include:
- Managers – Operations Safety
- Project Managers
- Engineers – Process, Safety, and Mechanical
- PSM Coordinators and Managers
Workshop Objectives
- When and how to use LOPA
- How to identify which scenarios from a HAZOP or
other qualitative analysis could benefit from LOPA
- How to systematically create risk scenarios for new
processes or for existing processes under change
- How to establish risk acceptance (risk tolerance)
criteria for use within your company (this is also
called development of ALARP criteria) and how to
depict this in a Risk Matrix or in a formula
- How to calculate “as-is” risk for a causeconsequence
pair.
- How to estimate the frequency of the initiating
event and how to determine the consequence for
the scenario (unmitigated)
Workshop Description
A key to the success of LOPA is its rules for judging
if protection layers are truly independent. Because
of these rules, LOPA helps the analysts make
consistent judgments of the risk of scenarios “as
low as reasonably practical (ALARP).” This “How To”
workshop is taught by one of the originators of LOPA;
he is also a principal author of the AIChE/CCPS book,
Layer of Protection Analysis (2001). The workshop
covers all aspects of how to apply this very useful
technique. Workshops are used as the primary mode
of teaching each aspect of LOPA. You will perform
several complete LOPAs before leaving class.
Workshop Instructor – Mr. William Bridges
Bill is President of Process Improvement Institute (PII), a US-based
consulting and training organization that specializes in controlling
risk in chemical processing and manufacturing environments.
He is considered a leading authority on process safety engineering,
risk management, and human error prevention. He has a Bachelor
and Masters degree in Chemical Engineering. He has 10 patents,
and he 30 years of chemical industry experience. Bill has trained
several thousand process hazard analysis/HAZOP leaders since 1987
and has been teaching LOPA courses since 1995. He was an originator
of LOPA and a primary author for the LOPA guideline and he
is the principal author of the upcoming textbook on Independent
Protection Layers and Initiating Events.
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